Choosing an Organization
Evaluating Code Quality

Evaluating Code Quality

How to assess if a codebase is worth your time.

Quick Assessment

Architecture

  • Clear separation of concerns
  • Modules are cohesive
  • Dependencies are minimal
  • No massive catch-all files

Testing

MetricHealthyUnhealthy
Test Coverage80%+Less than 50%
CI FailuresRare, fixed quicklyFrequent
Test OrganizationClear test structureTests everywhere

Documentation

  • Function comments explain why, not what
  • README explains architecture
  • Inline docs for complex algorithms
  • ADRs for major decisions

Code Style

Green Flags:
✓ Consistent style across codebase
✓ Linters/formatters configured
✓ Style guide documented
✓ CI checks code style

Red Flags:
✗ Inconsistent naming
✗ No linters
✗ Chaotic formatting
✗ No style enforcement

Quick Assessment (15 minutes)

Step 1: Check Test Coverage (3 minutes)

Go to: GitHub repo → Click "code"

Look for:
- /tests folder (exists?)
- test_*.py or *.test.js files (many?)
- .github/workflows or .circleci (CI configured?)

Signs of good testing:
- Tests folder is as large as source folder
- Recent test additions (not neglected)
- CI runs tests on every PR

Signs of bad testing:
- Few/no test files
- Tests folder is tiny
- CI doesn't check tests

Step 2: Read 3 Recently Merged PRs (5 minutes)

Go to: Pull Requests → Merged

Pick 3 random merged PRs from last month:

For each PR:
1. Read the description
   Good: "Fixes #123. Changes X because Y."
   Bad: "Fix bug" (no detail)

2. Look at code changes
   Good: Clear changes, easy to understand
   Bad: Huge file, 500+ line diffs

3. Check reviews
   Good: Reviewers asked questions, suggested improvements
   Bad: No reviews or "LGTM" only

Score each PR:
Good description + Good code + Good reviews = Healthy project

Step 3: Check Documentation (3 minutes)

Look for:
- README explains what project does? ✓
- Architecture.md or docs/ folder? ✓
- CONTRIBUTING.md with setup steps? ✓
- Code comments on complex logic? ✓

Missing docs = Harder to contribute
Lots of docs = Community values onboarding

Step 4: Run the Code (4 minutes)

From the README:
1. Clone project
2. Follow setup steps
3. Try to run it

Did it work first try? ✓ Good sign
Did you hit errors? ⚠️ Either docs are incomplete
                          or environment is fragile

If it works:
- Try to understand one code section
- Find function names (are they meaningful?)
- Check: Is code readable?

Readable code = Easier to learn and contribute

Detailed Code Quality Scoring

Score each area on 1-5:

ARCHITECTURE (How organized is the code?)
1 - "Everything in one file"
2 - "Files exist but no clear organization"
3 - "Some separation, mostly clear"
4 - "Well-organized, clear modules"
5 - "Excellent structure, easy to navigate"

TESTING (How thoroughly tested?)
1 - "No tests or under 20% coverage"
2 - "Some tests, ~40% coverage"
3 - "Decent tests, ~70% coverage"
4 - "Good tests, ~85% coverage"
5 - "Excellent tests, >90% coverage"

DOCUMENTATION (How well explained?)
1 - "Almost no docs"
2 - "Minimal docs, hard to understand"
3 - "Basic docs, covers main concepts"
4 - "Good docs, easy to understand"
5 - "Excellent docs, every part explained"

CODE STYLE (How consistent and clean?)
1 - "No linting, messy"
2 - "Some linting, inconsistent"
3 - "Decent style, mostly consistent"
4 - "Good style, well-formatted"
5 - "Excellent, auto-formatted"

TOTAL SCORE:

4-6:   Red flag - Don't contribute here
7-12:  Caution - Okay, but could be better
13-18: Good - Solid project, worth learning
19-22: Excellent - Great place to contribute
23-25: Outstanding - Top-tier codebase

Real Examples

Example 1: Good Project

Architecture: ✓ (4)
- /src: core code
- /tests: test files
- /docs: documentation
- /config: configuration
Clear separation of concerns

Testing: ✓ (4)
- 82% code coverage
- Tests run on every PR
- Integration tests exist
- Most functions have tests

Documentation: ✓ (4)
- Clear README
- Architecture.md explains design
- Functions have docstrings
- CONTRIBUTING guide exists

Code Style: ✓ (5)
- ESLint configured (auto-format)
- Prettier on all commits
- No style inconsistencies
- CI checks code quality

SCORE: 17/20 - Great place to contribute
Verdict: Yes, contribute here

Example 2: Problematic Project

Architecture: ✗ (2)
- No clear folder structure
- Thousands of files in /src
- Hard to find anything

Testing: ✗ (1)
- 5% code coverage
- No tests on most code
- Tests haven't run in 6 months

Documentation: ✗ (1)
- README just says "It's a project"
- No architecture docs
- No code comments

Code Style: ✗ (1)
- No linter
- Inconsistent naming
- Different indentation throughout

SCORE: 5/20 - Problematic project
Verdict: Avoid this one (unless you like pain)

Code Quality Red Flags

FlagWhat It MeansImpact
No testsProject doesn't validate codeCode breaks easily
No docsHard to understandWasted time learning
Huge filesPoor organizationHard to navigate
No architectureNo clear designChanges break things
Ignored issuesMaintainers don't carePRs ignored too
No linterCode quality not monitoredInconsistent code

Green Flags (Look For These)

FlagWhat It MeansBenefit
>80% coverageCode is thoroughly testedSafe to change
Clear docsEasy to understandFaster learning
OrganizedClear folder structureEasy to navigate
Consistent styleFormatter configuredNo style conflicts
Recent updatesActively maintainedWorth your time
Good reviewsMentors careYou'll learn more

Spend 30 minutes assessing code quality. Avoid bad projects early.

Red Flags

  • "This is a quick hack"
  • Repeated code (no DRY)
  • No error handling
  • Massive functions (>200 lines)
  • No comments on complex logic

Quality matters because you'll be reading this code for months. Invest time in evaluating it.